Belize is a Central American country bordered by Mexico, Guatemala and the Caribbean Sea. It has a rich history as being part of the Mayan civilization and is now the only mainland Central American country that is part of the British commonwealth as a commonwealth realm.
Belize Basics
English settlers first explored the area in 1638 but it was claimed by both Britain and Spain until 1798. It became a British colony in 1840 and claimed independence in 1981 (commonwealth realms are independent nations that still recognize the British monarch as their ceremonial head of state).
Belize is 8,867 square miles, or 22,970 square kilometers, and is home to almost 400,000 people, making it the least populated nation in Central America.
The capital is Belmopan, but Belize City is the largest city.
It is also the only country in Central American where English is the official language, though Belizean Creole, Spanish and Mayan languages are very popular, and more than half of the population is multilingual.
Belize National Symbols
The Belize flag is mostly blue with red bars along the top and bottom. The coat of arms is in the center of the flag, which shows two men holding tools and symbols of the lumber industry, including a mahogany tree. The text says “sub umbra floreo,” meaning “under the shade I flourish.”
The national anthem is called “Land of the Free.” The words were written in 1929 and the music in 1930.
The national bird is the keel billed toucan, known locally as the bill bird because of its bright bill. The Baird’s tapir is the national animal, and the black orchid is the national flower of Belize.
The mahogany tree is also considered a national symbol.
Belize Activities for Kids
Learn about the September celebrations, two festivals that happen in Belize just 11 days apart. The Battle of St. George’s Cay Day is celebrated on September 10 and marks the battle when the British gained control of Belize from the Spanish. It’s also known as National Day. Independence Day is September 21. The celebrations often start in August and run through the month of September.
Explore Punta music, an Afro-indigenous music that has spread through the Caribbean and Central America with the Garifuna people. Also known as banguity or bunda, it is known for heavy use of drums and other percussion instruments, maracas and conch.
Speaking of conch, conch fritters are one of the most popular foods from Belize, much like in The Bahamas. Beans and rice are also popular, and you can learn how to make them just like they do in Belize with this recipe from Taste Belize.
Learn more about the Mayan culture from Britannica Kids and Free School, and talk about why you think their civilization might have ended. Check out more resources for learning about Belize at Teachers Pay Teachers and Leader Connecting Leaders.
